Moles, also known as nevi, are small skin lesions formed by clusters of melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin. They may appear on various parts of the body and can either be congenital or develop over time, mainly due to genetic factors and sun exposure.
Most moles are benign and do not cause problems. However, in some cases they may show changes that require attention, as they could indicate malignancy such as melanoma. For this reason, regular monitoring is highly important.
Suspicious features of a mole include asymmetry, irregular borders, changes in color or size, as well as symptoms such as itching, bleeding, or pain. The ABCDE rule is commonly used to evaluate potentially suspicious lesions.
Diagnosis is performed by a specialized dermatologist through clinical examination and dermoscopy, while in uncertain cases surgical removal and histological examination may be required.
Prevention and regular dermatological follow-up are essential, especially for individuals with multiple moles or a family history of skin cancer. Protection from UV radiation through sunscreen use and avoiding excessive sun exposure significantly helps reduce risk.
